Juba Ii
JUBA II, son of JUBA I. On the death of his father in 46 B.C. he was carried to Rome to grace Caesar's triumph. He seems to have received a good education under the care of Augustus who, in 29, after Mark Antony's death, gave him the hand of Cleopatra Selene, daughter of Antony and Cleopatra, and placed him on his father's throne. In 25, however, he transferred him from Numidia to Mauretania, to which was added a part of Gaetulia (see NUMIDIA). Juba seems to have reigned in considerable prosperity, though in A.D. 6 the Gaetulians rose in a revolt of sufficient importance to afford the surname Gaetulicus to Cornelius Lentulus Cossus, the Roman general who helped to suppress it. The date of Juba's death is by no means certain; it has been put between A.D. 19 and 24 (Strabo, xvii. 828; Dio Cassius, Ii. 15; liii. 26; Plutarch, Ant. 87; Caesar, 55). Juba, according to Pliny, who constantly refers to him, is mainly memorable for his writings. He has been called the African Varro.
He wrote many historical and geographical works, of which some seem to have been voluminous and of considerable value on account of the sources to which their author had access: (i)'Pu>/uauc4 ioropta: (2) 'AaavpioKa: (3) Ai/3wi: (4) De Arabia sive De expeditione arabica; (5) Physiologa; (6) De Euphorbia herba; (7) Ilept imov: (8) Jlepi 7pa$rjs (Ilepi fuTpa^wi') : (9) Gearpuci) ioropia: (10) 'OMOIOTIJTCS: (ii) Ilept <0opas Xejeus : (12) 'Err/pa^a.
Fragments and life in Muller, Frag. Hist. Graec., vol. iii. ; see also Sevin, Mem. del'Acad. des Inscriptions, vol. iv. ; Hullemann, De vita et scriptis Jubae (1846). For the denarii of Juba II. found in 1908 at El Ksar on the coast of Morocco see Dieudonne' in Revue Numism. (1908), pp. 350 seq. They are interesting mainly as throwing light on the chronology of the reign.
Note - this article incorporates content from Encyclopaedia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, (1910-1911)
